ISCO-ISS combines In Situ Chemical Oxidation (ISCO) and In Situ Stabilization/Solidification (ISS) to remediate contaminated soil and groundwater. Using KLOZUR® SP (sodium persulfate) and Portland cement, this dual-action approach reduces contaminant mass and immobilizes residual pollutants. The synergy between ISCO and ISS leads to lower leachate concentrations, improved soil strength, and reduced hydraulic conductivity. Case studies show up to 95% reduction in PAHs and over 90% reduction in PCE mass. The method also minimizes soil bulking and disposal costs. ISCO-ISS offers a cost-effective, sustainable solution for complex remediation challenges.

This technical bulletin provides guidance on combining KLOZUR® SP and KLOZUR® Caustic (25% NaOH) in remediation solutions. It outlines optimal mixing ratios to maintain solution clarity and performance, based on lab studies at 2°C and 20°C. To ensure consistent application, in-line mixing or sequential injection is recommended. A reference table supports planning for effective subsurface delivery and activation.

This technical bulletin provides guidance on selecting compatible materials for use with KLOZUR® persulfate in soil and groundwater remediation. It summarizes lab-tested corrosion data for metals, plastics, rubbers, and concrete under various activation conditions. Stainless steel, FRP, PVDF, and several polymers showed excellent compatibility, while materials like carbon steel, copper, and brass are not recommended. A detailed compatibility list and practical recommendations help ensure safe and effective system design.

This technical bulletin highlights the effectiveness of activated KLOZUR® persulfate in treating MTBE (methyl-tert-butyl ether) and TBA (tert-butyl alcohol), two mobile and persistent groundwater contaminants. Laboratory and field studies confirm successful degradation using various activation methods, including heat, hydrogen peroxide, iron-chelates, and alkaline conditions. Case studies report reductions of MTBE concentrations by up to 99.9%. Activated persulfate offers a fast, reliable, and cost-effective solution for gasoline-impacted sites. Bench-scale testing is recommended to optimize site-specific treatment design.

This technical bulletin outlines best practices for the safe handling, use, and storage of KLOZUR® persulfate in remediation applications. It includes guidance on personal protective equipment (PPE), first aid, disposal procedures, and compatible materials for equipment. Proper storage conditions and precautions are essential to prevent decomposition and ensure safe application. Stainless steel, PVC, and polyethylene are among the recommended materials.

Always refer to the Safety Data Sheet (SDS) for detailed safety information.

This product application guide provides detailed recommendations for the alkaline activation of KLOZUR® SP and KLOZUR® KP in soil and groundwater remediation. It outlines suitable alkali reagents such as 25% sodium hydroxide, calcium hydroxide, and Portland cement, along with dosage formulas and site-specific calculation examples.

The document also explains how to combine alkaline activation with ISS to enhance soil stability. Safety practices and compatible materials are emphasized to ensure effective and controlled application. Both KLOZUR® SP and KLOZUR® KP require proper alkalinity to maintain treatment performance.

This product guide provides practical recommendations for the alkaline activation of KLOZUR® SP and KLOZUR® KP in soil and groundwater remediation. It outlines suitable alkali reagents such as 25% sodium hydroxide, calcium hydroxide, calcium oxide, and Portland cement, along with dosage formulas and site-specific calculation examples.

The document also explains how alkaline activation can be combined with ISS to enhance soil stability. Safety guidelines and material compatibility are included to support effective and controlled application. Bench-scale testing is recommended to determine site-specific buffering capacity and optimize reagent dosing.

Experts Vipul Srivastava (Burns & McDonnell), Joel Parker (Hamp Mathews & Associates), and Brant Smith (Evonik) will present advanced design strategies and field applications for the combined use of In Situ Chemical Oxidation (ISCO) and In Situ Stabilization (ISS). This session will explore the synergistic benefits of integrating ISCO and ISS technologies to address complex contaminant profiles, enhance treatment efficacy, and improve geotechnical stability in challenging subsurface environments.

Dr. Brant Smith (Evonik) presents field-proven results on the remediation of 1,4-dioxane and other prevalent contaminants in soil and groundwater using activated KLOZUR® persulfate. As a persistent and mobile compound, 1,4-dioxane poses significant challenges at contaminated sites due to its resistance to conventional treatment technologies. This presentation highlights the oxidative capabilities of KLOZUR® persulfate, detailing its activation mechanisms, reaction pathways, and performance metrics in complex geochemical environments.

Dr. Brant Smith (Evonik), Professor Dan Cassidy (Western Michigan University), and experts Tom Simpkin and Mike Perlmutter (CH2M) will present advanced strategies for implementing in situ soil mixing to apply alkaline-activated KLOZUR® persulfate for the remediation of contaminated soils.

This session will focus on the integration of chemical oxidation and stabilization techniques to enhance contaminant degradation and improve geotechnical properties.

Dr. Brant Smith (Evonik) presents a detailed overview of the critical design parameters required for successful field-scale implementation of activated KLOZUR® persulfate in environmental remediation. This session will cover the translation of laboratory-scale results to field conditions, including methods for estimating appropriate oxidant and activator dosages, and considerations for site-specific geochemistry and contaminant profiles.

Dr. Brant Smith (Evonik) presents a comprehensive overview of In Situ Chemical Oxidation (ISCO) strategies tailored for the remediation of highly contaminated soil and groundwater environments. This session focuses on the design and implementation of ISCO technologies to address persistent organic pollutants, complex geochemical conditions, and site-specific challenges.

Dr. Brant Smith (Evonik) presents a detailed overview of the chemical principles and field-scale implementation of alkaline-activated KLOZUR® persulfate for the remediation of contaminated soil and groundwater. This session explores the oxidative mechanisms under alkaline conditions and showcases case studies demonstrating the effective destruction of a wide range of contaminants, including carbon tetrachloride, chlorinated solvents, and petroleum hydrocarbons.

Dr. Brant Smith (Evonik) presents a comprehensive guide to designing and executing effective monitoring programs for In Situ Chemical Oxidation (ISCO) using KLOZUR® persulfate. This session outlines the critical data needed to support successful remediation, including baseline site characterization, real-time monitoring during oxidant injection, and post-treatment performance evaluation.

Brianna Desjardin and Dr. Brant Smith from Evonik present a comprehensive overview of laboratory-scale testing of our Environmental Solutions Laboratory, used to evaluate and optimize the application of advanced in situ remediation technologies. This session highlights the role of laboratory testing in validating conceptual site models, assessing oxidant performance, and identifying potential implementation challenges prior to field deployment.

Evonik’s laboratory created the KLOZUR® field test kit to provide a quick and reliable measurement of persulfate in the field.

There are two different kits available, depending on the activation method used. Each kit is capable of running ten tests and has a measurement range of 1g/L to 100g/L, with a theoretical accuracy of ±1g/L and ±2g/L respectively.